Version: flashrom v1.6.0 on Linux 6.17.13+deb14-amd64 (x86_64)
System: Debian sid
Chip: P25Q80H

gdb --args flashrom -p ch341a_spi -w image.bin

(gdb) c
Continuing.
flashrom v1.6.0 on Linux 6.17.13+deb14-amd64 (x86_64)
flashrom is free software, get the source code at https://flashrom.org

[New Thread 0x7ffff7cb06c0 (LWP 2792)]¶

SFDP has autodetected a flash chip.
All standard operations (read, verify, erase and write) should work.
Additionally, flashrom supports RPMC commands via SFDP autodetection.
We may add support for more features via SFDP in future.
If you are interested, join us on the mailing list https://flashrom.org/contact.html#mailing-list-1 ¶

Found Unknown flash chip "SFDP-capable chip" (1024 kB, SPI) on ch341a_spi.
Reading old flash chip contents... done.
Updating flash chip contents... flashrom: ../../libusb/io.c:1493: libusb_submit_transfer: Assertion `transfer->dev_handle' failed.

Thread 1 "flashrom" received signal SIGABRT, Aborted.
Download failed: 无效的参数. Continuing without source file ./nptl/./nptl/pthread_kill.c.
__pthread_kill_implementation (threadid=, signo=signo@entry=6,
no_tid=no_tid@entry=0) at ./nptl/pthread_kill.c:44
⚠️ warning: 44 ./nptl/pthread_kill.c: 没有那个文件或目录
(gdb) bt
#0 __pthread_kill_implementation (threadid=, signo=signo@entry=6, no_tid=no_tid@entry=0) at ./nptl/pthread_kill.c:44
#1 0x00007ffff7db23cf in __pthread_kill_internal (threadid=, signo=6) at ./nptl/pthread_kill.c:89
#2 0x00007ffff7d5b922 in __GI_raise (sig=sig@entry=6) at ../sysdeps/posix/raise.c:26
#3 0x00007ffff7d434ac in __GI_abort () at ./stdlib/abort.c:77
#4 0x00007ffff7d43420 in __assert_fail_base (fmt=, assertion=, file=, line=, function=0x7ffff7f79610 <PRETTY_FUNCTION.28> "libusb_submit_transfer") at ./assert/assert.c:118
#5 0x00007ffff7d5410c in __assert_fail (assertion=, file=, line=, function=) at ./assert/assert.c:127
#6 0x00007ffff7f65c7f in libusb_submit_transfer (transfer=) at ../../libusb/io.c:1493
#7 0x00005555555956e8 in usb_transfer (data=data@entry=0x5555556b47b0, func=func@entry=0x5555555eb030 <func.4> "ch341a_spi_spi_send_command", writecnt=writecnt@entry=301, readcnt=readcnt@entry=260, writearr=writearr@entry=0x7fffffffd410 "\253\267\267\267\266 ", readarr=readarr@entry=0x7fffffffd300 "\003")
at ../ch341a_spi.c:173
#8 0x0000555555595b80 in ch341a_spi_spi_send_command (flash=, writecnt=, readcnt=, writearr=0x7fffffffd5f7 "", readarr=) at ../ch341a_spi.c:374
#9 0x000055555558add8 in spi_nbyte_read (flash=flash@entry=0x7fffffffdb40, address=address@entry=0, bytes=bytes@entry=0x5555556a0f50 "\320&<", len=len@entry=256) at ../spi25.c:671
#10 0x000055555558ae86 in spi_read_chunked (flash=0x7fffffffdb40, buf=0x5555556a0f50 "\320&<", start=0, len=256, chunksize=4096) at ../spi25.c:685
#11 0x000055555558e3bd in spi_chip_read (flash=0x7fffffffdb40, buf=0x5555556a0f50 "\320&<", start=0, len=256) at ../spi.c:113
#12 0x00005555555800ce in read_flash (flash=flash@entry=0x7fffffffdb40, buf=buf@entry=0x5555556a0f50 "\320&<", start=start@entry=0, len=len@entry=256) at ../flashrom.c:624
#13 0x0000555555580494 in verify_range (flash=flash@entry=0x7fffffffdb40, cmpbuf=cmpbuf@entry=0x55555568d320 '\377' <repeats 200 times>..., start=start@entry=0, len=len@entry=256) at ../flashrom.c:689
#14 0x00005555555805cc in check_erased_range (flash=flash@entry=0x7fffffffdb40, start=start@entry=0, len=len@entry=256) at ../flashrom.c:546
#15 0x00005555555bad98 in erase_write_helper (flashrom_flashctx=, region_start=0, region_end=, curcontents=, newcontents=0x7ffff73af010 "\351\001\003 \\364\020@", erase_layout=0x5555556a2790, all_skipped=) at ../erasure_layout.c:304
#16 erase_write (flashrom_flashctx=flashrom_flashctx@entry=0x7fffffffdb40, region_start=0, region_end=, curcontents=curcontents@entry=0x7ffff72ae010 '\377' <repeats 200 times>..., newcontents=newcontents@entry=0x7ffff73af010 "\351\001\003 \\364\020@", erase_layout=0x5555556a2790,
all_skipped=0x7fffffffd95f) at ../erasure_layout.c:424
#17 0x00005555555829c5 in write_by_layout (flashrom_flashctx=0x7fffffffdb40, curcontents=0x7ffff72ae010, newcontents=0x7ffff73af010, all_skipped=0x7fffffffd95f) at ../flashrom.c:1474
#18 flashrom_image_write (flashrom_flashctx=flashrom_flashctx@entry=0x7fffffffdb40, buffer=buffer@entry=0x7ffff73af010, buffer_len=buffer_len@entry=1048576, refbuffer=refbuffer@entry=0x0) at ../flashrom.c:2027
#19 0x000055555557e6aa in do_write (flash=0x7fffffffdb40, filename=0x555555674720 "trun.bin", referencefile=0x0) at ../cli_classic.c:697
#20 main (argc=, argv=) at ../cli_classic.c:1510